Research News

Russia's invasion of Ukraine has displaced approximately 36,500 graduating high school students — 16% of the country's 2022 senior class — while causing an additional 41,500 students to abandon the traditional pathway to higher education entirely, according to a new study published in Nature's Humanities and Social Sciences Communications.

The research, conducted by a multi-disciplinary team based in the United States and Ukraine and led by Julia Stoyanovich — Director of NYU's Center for Responsible AI, Institute Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at NYU Tandon School of Engineering, and Associate Professor of Data Science at the NYU Center for Data Science — shows that at least 78,000 students (34% of all graduating high school seniors) were directly impacted by the war in 2022.

The team completed the study as part of the RAI for Ukraine Research Program, which Stoyanovich founded at NYU Tandon with partners from Ukrainian Catholic University in Lviv, in response to the war's disruption of Ukrainian higher education. The remote program is open to undergraduate and graduate students who live in Ukraine and are enrolled in degree programs in computer science, information systems, and related fields at accredited Ukrainian universities.

These students — RAI Research Fellows — are mentored by academic researchers from U.S. and European universities, and conduct cutting-edge collaborative research on a range of responsible AI topics. Students receive academic credit and competitive stipends.

The Nature study represents the first systematic analysis of student displacement and educational disruption following Russia's 2022 invasion, providing data for policymakers and humanitarian organizations.

"To the best of our knowledge, no information is available about the impact of the war on the internal and external displacement of high school students," said Stoyanovich. "Our analysis has important implications for governmental organizations and human rights organizations working to address the crisis."

Of the 36,500 displaced students identified, 64% migrated abroad, with most heading to Poland (30.7%), Germany (26.9%), and the Czech Republic (8.3%). The remaining 36% were internally displaced within Ukraine, typically moving from front-line regions toward the central and western parts of the country.

The regions most affected were those along the war's front lines: Kherson, Donetsk, Luhansk, Kharkiv, and Mykolaiv oblasts, where between 41% and 100% of students were registered in their home regions but took exams elsewhere.

The analysis also uncovered disparities in how different demographic groups experienced the war's educational impacts. Among displaced students, 84% came from urban areas despite rural students making up 31% of all test-takers.

The most severely affected group was rural male students, who experienced the greatest decrease in exam participation. "The impact of the war on drop-off for rural-males was greater than for either test-takers living in rural areas or males, indicating an intersectional disadvantage," said Stoyanovich.

Beyond displacement, the study documented a 21% decline in students taking Ukraine's standardized higher education entrance exam in 2022 compared to 2021—representing 41,500 fewer students.

Ukraine's response included rapidly digitizing its paper-based exam system into a computer-based National Multi-subject Test. This transition required developing new software and delivering it to hundreds of thousands of students, making the exam available in 32 countries worldwide for the first time.

The study's methodology relied on comparing students' official registration locations with where they physically completed their standardized exams, a novel approach that revealed displacement patterns invisible to traditional surveys. The researchers overcame significant technical challenges to create their analysis, curating "a uniquely comprehensive dataset of standardized exam outcomes used for admissions to higher education institutions in Ukraine—analogous to the Standardized Aptitude Test (SAT) in the United States," according to the researchers. The dataset encompasses approximately 1.5 million graduating students across eight years.

Ukraine's period of decommunization and decentralization between 2016 and 2023 created substantial data consistency challenges. To solve this problem, researchers assigned unique identifiers to each physical location and educational institution, allowing them to track entities consistently despite name changes and territorial redistricting.

The researchers warn that "reversing 'brain drain'—to the extent it is even possible—is no easy feat for any country" and note that "the issue may be time-sensitive: as the war continues, some families become more deeply rooted in their lives abroad."

In addition to Stoyanovich, the paper's authors are Tetiana Zakharchenko and Nazarii Drushchak from Ukrainian Catholic University, Oleksandra Konopatska from both Ukrainian Catholic University and Kyiv School of Economics, Andrew Bell, Ph.D. candidate at NYU Tandon and Falaah Arif Khan, Ph.D. student at the NYU Center for Data Science.

 The research was supported in part by a grant from the Simons Foundation.

Researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering have developed a new method for creating microscopic drug delivery capsules that addresses a fundamental challenge in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

The technique, called Sequential NanoPrecipitation (SNaP), tackles the persistent difficulty of producing uniform, precisely sized drug delivery particles at industrial scales. Current methods either provide excellent control but can only make small batches, or can produce large quantities but with less precision, a trade-off that has limited the development of advanced drug delivery systems.

The research, published in ACS Engineering Au, addresses this challenge and represents a significant advance in Nathalie Pinkerton's ongoing mission to develop universal drug delivery systems. The paper was selected as an ACS Editors' Choice, highlighting articles with potential for broad public interest.

Having previously worked in Pfizer's Oncology Research Unit developing novel nano-medicines for solid tumors, Pinkerton — now an assistant professor in NYU Tandon's Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (CBE) Department — focuses on creating scalable solutions that can "translate from the lab bench to the patient's bedside."

The new research moves SNaP from a promising proof-of-concept into a predictable manufacturing process by providing the fundamental understanding needed to control particle properties systematically.

"It's like trying to consistently make the perfect cookies," said Pinkerton, the paper's senior author. "You can make a dozen consistent cookies in one small batch in your kitchen, but when you try to make a thousand cookies in one big batch, challenges arise. The dough won't mix right; some cookies burn and others underbake. You need to rethink the process to get the same delicious cookies at a larger scale."

Drug delivery microparticles (capsules about one-thousandth the width of a human hair) are already used in several FDA-approved treatments, including long-acting formulations for opioid addiction, schizophrenia, and heart conditions. These tiny vehicles can encapsulate medications and release them slowly over time, reducing the frequency of injections and improving patient compliance.

The researchers demonstrated precise control over particle sizes ranging from 1.6 to 3.0 micrometers, which they note is ideal for inhalation delivery applications. Size is a key quality attribute that influences how the particles behave in the body and release their medication.

The SNaP process works through carefully orchestrated mixing in millimeter-scale chambers. In the first step, a stream containing dissolved drug and core polymer materials is rapidly mixed with water, causing the materials to precipitate and form tiny cores. In the second step, after a precisely controlled delay time, stabilizing agents are added to stop the growth and lock in the desired size.

"Think of it like using a start-stop timer," said Parker Lewis, the study's lead author and an NYU Tandon PhD candidate. "The first mixer starts particle growth, and the second mixer stops it at a precise size by coating them with a non-stick surface."

By adjusting the delay time between the two mixing steps, measured in milliseconds, the researchers can control how large the particles grow.

What makes SNaP particularly significant is its potential for scalability. Traditional precision methods like microfluidics can only produce small amounts of particles — about 6 grams per hour. Industrial methods like spray drying can produce much larger quantities but with poor size control. SNaP, operating in continuous flow, demonstrated production rates of 144 to 360 grams of microparticles per hour in laboratory conditions, with potential for further scale-up using larger mixing equipment.

The researchers validated their approach by successfully encapsulating itraconazole, an antifungal medication, achieving 83-85% encapsulation efficiency, meaning very little drug was wasted during the process.

The method is particularly valuable for the pharmaceutical industry because it addresses a well-known bottleneck in drug development. Many promising drug delivery concepts fail to reach patients because they cannot be manufactured consistently at commercial scales.

For patients, the ultimate benefit could be more effective medications with fewer side effects, delivered through more convenient treatment schedules. The technology must prove itself in larger-scale testing and eventually in clinical trials, a process that could take several years.

In addition to Pinkerton and Lewis, the paper's authors are Nouha El Amri and Erica E. Burnham from NYU Tandon’s CBE Department, and Natalia Arruz from NYU Tandon’s Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering.

Process and Formulation Parameters Governing Polymeric Microparticle Formation via Sequential NanoPrecipitation (SNaP)
Parker K. Lewis, Nouha El Amri, Erica E. Burnham, Natalia Arruz, and Nathalie M. Pinkerton
ACS Engineering Au 0, 0, pp
DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00035

Researchers at NYU Tandon have developed a new method for synthesizing metallic glass nanoparticles that offers refined control over size, composition, and atomic structure — features long sought in the design of advanced catalytic materials used in chemical reactions key to advancements in sustainability and other fields.

In the paper "Metallic Glass Nanoparticles Synthesized via Flash Joule Heating" published in ACS Nano, a team led by André D. Taylor, Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, describes how a technique known as flash Joule heating can rapidly produce amorphous palladium-based nanoparticles with reproducible and tunable features.

Metallic glasses are non-crystalline metals with unique properties, such as enhanced corrosion resistance and catalytic activity. Yet producing them in nanoparticle form with specific characteristics has posed difficulties, especially when it comes to controlling cooling rates during production.

The team’s method involves sending an electrical pulse through a precursor material, heating it rapidly and then allowing it to cool at a controlled rate. This process yields metallic glass nanoparticles with consistent sizes — averaging about 2.33 nanometers — and tailored alloy compositions. Among the nanoparticles produced were Pd-P, Pd-Ni-P, and Pd-Cu-P systems.

“Flash Joule heating gives us a way to fine-tune the synthesis process and isolate the effects of phase and composition,” said Taylor. “This makes it easier to examine the structure-property relationship in metallic glass systems, especially for applications like electrocatalysis.”

To evaluate performance, the researchers tested the amorphous nanoparticles as electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) — a critical step in electrochemical water splitting. They found that the metallic glass nanoparticles exhibited significantly lower onset potentials, by around 300 millivolts, compared to their crystalline counterparts. The materials also demonstrated stable catalytic behavior over extended operation times of up to 60 hours.

"Metallic glass has been a focus of research in our lab for many years, and this flash Joule heating methodology represents a significant step forward in our ability to synthesize these materials with precision," said Hang Wang (Ph.D. '24), the paper's lead author and a Ph.D. candidate in Taylor's lab at the time of the research." What's particularly exciting is how this approach could eventually scale beyond laboratory settings. Unlike other nanomaterial synthesis methods that remain confined to small batches, this technique has the potential to bridge the gap between research and real-world implementation in energy applications."

The study provides a new approach to systematically exploring amorphous alloy systems at the nanoscale and may support ongoing efforts in energy storage, catalysis, and electronic materials development. While the work focuses on palladium-based systems, the method could be adapted for other alloy systems that benefit from amorphous structures.

Besides Taylor, other contributors to this paper include Hang Wang, Nathan Makowski, Yuanyuan MaXue Fan, Stephen A. Maclean, Jason Lipton, Juan Meng, Jason A. Röhr, and Mo Li. This research was primarily supported by the ​​U.S. Department of Energy.

Metallic Glass Nanoparticles Synthesized via Flash Joule Heating. Hang Wang, Nathan Makowski, Yuanyuan Ma, Xue Fan, Stephen A. Maclean, Jason Lipton, Juan Meng, Jason A. Röhr, Mo Li, and André D. Taylor; ACS Nano 2025 19 (21), 19806-19817 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5c02173

Imagine a liquid that flows freely one moment, then stiffens into a near-solid the next, and then can switch back with a simple change in temperature. Researchers at the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering and NYU Tandon have now developed such a material, using tiny particles that can change their shape and stiffness on demand. Their research paper “Tunable shear thickening, aging, and rejuvenation in suspensions of shape-memory endowed liquid crystalline particles,” published in PNAS, demonstrates a new way to regulate how dense suspensions — mixtures of solid particles in a fluid — behave under stress.

These new particles are made from liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), a material that combines the structure of liquid crystals with the flexibility of rubber. When heated or cooled, the particles change shape: they soften and become round at higher temperatures, and stiffen into irregular, angular forms at lower ones. This change has a dramatic effect on how the suspension flows.

From Smooth to Stiff and Back Again

Dense suspensions are found in everyday products like paints, toothpaste, and cement. Under certain conditions, these materials can thicken unpredictably under force, a behavior known as shear thickening. In some cases, the thickening becomes so extreme that the material jams and stops flowing altogether. This can cause problems in processing and manufacturing, where smooth, consistent flow is essential.

The research team, co-led by UChicago PME professor of Molecular Engineering Stuart Rowan and Juan de Pablo, formerly at UChicago and now Executive Vice President for Global Science and Technology at NYU and Executive Dean of the NYU Tandon School of Engineering, designed LCE particles whose shapes can be programmed during synthesis. They found that suspensions made from more irregular, "potato-shaped" particles thickened much more under stress than those made from smoother, "pea-shaped" ones.

But the key breakthrough came with temperature control. At lower temperatures, the potato-shaped particles were rigid and irregular, and their suspensions exhibited strong shear thickening — resisting flow when stress increased. But as the temperature rose past 45–50 °C, the particles transformed into softer, rounder shapes, and the suspension became much easier to stir or pump. The researchers showed that this change could be repeated over and over again.

“The basic behavior is akin to what one observes with corn starch and water, where under small shear the material is a liquid, but when submitted to high shear it is a solid. There are several factors that play a role in such shear behavior, including shape and stiffness of the particles in the suspensions. Here we show that it is possible to design stimuli-response particles that allow access to suspensions with tunable flow behavior,” said Rowan.

Chuqiao Chen, first author of the study and a Ph.D. candidate in the University of Chicago’s Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering at the time of the research, added, “In a narrow temperature window, we saw a full transition from a jammed, thick state to a freely flowing one. It’s like flipping a switch on how the fluid behaves.”

A Suspension with a Memory

Over time, even in the absence of flow, the particle suspensions tended to settle into more solid-like states in a process known as “aging.” The particles clump together and form structures that resist movement. This behavior, common in dense materials, can make them hard to work with after storage.

However, the LCE-based suspensions have a built-in solution. When the aged suspensions were heated above their shape-transition temperature, the particles relaxed into spherical forms and the clusters broke apart. The suspension returned to a fluid state, effectively resetting itself. This transformation did not require stirring or mixing, just a brief heating and cooling cycle.

The ability to control both particle shape and stiffness with temperature gives researchers an entirely new handle on how dense fluids behave. Traditionally, tuning the flow properties of suspensions required adjusting how many particles were present or modifying the fluid’s chemistry. With this approach, the same suspension can be adjusted simply by changing the temperature.

The potential uses are wide-ranging. In additive manufacturing (3D printing), for example, preventing jamming and controlling flow are major concerns. In industrial mixing, being able to “switch off” thickening behavior could help improve efficiency. The team’s findings suggest that even modest heating or cooling could achieve this.

The research opens a path toward materials that can flow, jam, and unjam on cue — not by changing their contents, but by altering how their parts are arranged and how they interact.

In addition to Rowan, de Pablo and Chen, the study's authors are Carina D. V. Martinez Narvaez, Nina Chang, and Carlos Medina Jimenez of the University of Chicago's Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering; Joseph M. Dennis of the Army Research Laboratory; and Heinrich M. Jaeger of the University of Chicago's James Franck Institute.

The University of Chicago Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (which is funded by the National Science Foundation) and the Army Research Laboratory Cooperative Agreement provided funding for the research.

Scientists have created tiny disk-shaped particles that can swim on their own when hit with light, akin to microscopic robots that move through a special liquid without any external motors or propellers.

Published in Advanced Functional Materials, the work shows how these artificial swimmers could one day be used to deliver cargo in a variety of fluidic situations, with potential applications in drug delivery, water pollutant clean up, or the creation of new types of smart materials that change their properties on command.

"The essential new principles we discovered — how to make microscopic objects swim on command using simple materials that undergo phase transitions when exposed to controllable energy sources — pave the way for applications that range from design of responsive fluids, controlled drug delivery, and new classes of sensors, to name a few,” explained lead researcher Juan de Pablo.

Currently the Executive Vice President for Global Science and Technology at NYU and Executive Dean of the NYU Tandon School of Engineering, de Pablo conducted this research in collaboration with postdoctoral researchers and faculty at the Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago, the Paulson School of Engineering at Harvard University, and the Universidad Autonoma of San Luis Potosi, in Mexico

The research team designed tiny flat discs about 200 micrometers across, which is roughly twice the width of a human hair. These structures are made from dried food dye and propylene glycol, creating solid discs with bumpy surfaces that are essential for swimming.

When placed in a nematic liquid crystal (the same material used in LCD screens) and hit with green LED light, the discs start swimming on their own. The food dye absorbs the light and converts it to heat, warming up the liquid crystal around the disc. This causes the organized liquid crystal molecules (normally lined up like soldiers in formation) to “melt” and become jumbled and disorganized, creating an imbalance that pushes the disc forward.

Depending on temperature and light brightness, the discs behave differently. Under the right conditions, they achieve sustained swimming at speeds of about half a micrometer per second, notable for something this tiny.

The most spectacular results happen when the discs can move in three dimensions. As they swim, they create beautiful flower-like patterns of light visible under a microscope. These patterns evolve from simple 4-petaled shapes to intricate 12-petaled designs as the light gets brighter.

"The platelet lifts due to an incompatibility between the liquid crystal's preferred molecular orientation at different surfaces," said de Pablo. "This creates an uneven elastic response that literally pushes one side of the platelet upward."

What distinguishes this discovery is how different it is from other swimming methods. Unlike bacteria that use whip-like tails or other artificial swimmers that need expensive chemical reactions, these discs create movement using a simple melting transition, cheap materials and basic LED lights. Plus, they have perfect on/off control: when light is turned off, they stop swimming immediately.

This research taps into the growing field of "active matter", which are materials that can harvest energy from their surroundings and turn it into movement. While these specific discs rely on light and heat to change the extent of order in a liquid crystal , the principles could be adapted to create swimmers in other types of liquid or solid media, powered by light or body heat, for example.

The paper's lead author is Antonio Tavera-Vázquez (Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago), who is a postdoctoral researcher in the group of Juan de Pablo. The team also includes Danai Montalvan-Sorrosa (John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University and the Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Celular at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México); Gustavo R. Perez-Lemus (Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago and NYU Tandon currently); Otilio E. Rodriguez-Lopez (Facultad de Ciencias and Instituto de Física at Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí in Mexico); Jose A. Martinez-Gonzalez (Facultad de Ciencias at Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí); and Vinothan N. Manoharan (John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and the Department of Physics at Harvard University).

Funding for this research was primarily provided by the Department of Energy, Office of Science Basic Energy Sciences, with additional support for some aspects of the experiments and equipment provided by the National Science Foundation, the Army Research Office MURI program, and the National Institutes of Health.

Tavera‐Vázquez, Antonio, et al. (2025) Microplate active migration emerging from light‐induced phase transitions in a nematic liquid crystal.” Advanced Functional Materials

In a recent study published in Nature Communications Psychology, researchers from NYU led by Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering at NYU Tandon and Neurology at NYU Grossman School of Medicine Adeen Flinker and Postdoctoral Researcher Adam Morgan used high-resolution electrocorticography (ECoG) to investigate how the human brain assembles sentences from individual words. While much of our understanding of language production has been built on single-word tasks such as picture naming, this new study directly tests whether those insights extend to the far more complex act of producing full sentences.

Ten neurosurgical patients undergoing epilepsy treatment participated in a set of speech tasks that included naming isolated words and describing cartoon scenes using full sentences. By applying machine learning to ECoG data — recorded directly from electrodes on the brain’s surface — the researchers first identified the unique pattern of brain activity for each of six words when they were said in isolation. They then tracked these patterns over time while patients used the same set of words in sentences.

The findings show that while cortical patterns encoding individual words remain stable across different tasks, the way the brain sequences and manages those words changes depending on the sentence structure. In sensorimotor regions, activity closely followed the spoken order of words. But in prefrontal regions, particularly the inferior and middle frontal gyri, words were encoded in a completely different way. These regions encoded not just what words patients were planning to say, but also what syntactic role it played — subject or object — and how that role fit into the grammatical structure of the sentence.

The researchers furthermore discovered that the prefrontal cortex sustains words throughout the entire duration of passive sentences like “Frankenstein was hit by Dracula.” In these more complex types of sentences, both nouns remained active in the prefrontal cortex throughout the sentence, even as the other one was being said. This sustained, parallel encoding suggests that constructing syntactically non-canonical sentences requires the brain to hold and manipulate more information over time, possibly recruiting additional working memory resources.

Interestingly, this dynamic aligns with a longstanding observation in linguistics: most of the world’s languages favor placing subjects before objects. The researchers propose that this could be due, in part, to neural efficiency. Processing less common structures like passives appears to demand more cognitive effort, which over evolutionary time could influence language patterns.

Ultimately, this work offers a detailed glimpse into the cortical choreography of sentence production and challenges some of the long-standing assumptions about how speech unfolds in the brain. Rather than a simple linear process, it appears that speaking involves a flexible interplay between stable word representations and syntactically driven dynamics, shaped by the demands of grammatical structure.

Alongside Flinker and Morgan, Orrin Devinsky, Werner K. Doyle, Patricia Dugan, and Daniel Friedman of NYU Langone contributed to this research. It was supported by multiple grants from the National Institutes of Health.

Morgan, A.M., Devinsky, O., Doyle, W.K. et al. Decoding words during sentence production with ECoG reveals syntactic role encoding and structure-dependent temporal dynamics. Commun Psychol 3, 87 (2025).

A team of researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering has developed a novel method to detect hidden GPS tracking devices in vehicles, offering new hope to victims of technology-enabled domestic abuse.

Overseen by NYU Tandon assistant professor Danny Y. Huang, the research addresses a growing problem: abusers secretly placing GPS trackers in their partners' or ex-partners' vehicles to monitor their movements. Traditionally, detecting these devices has been difficult and expensive, leaving many victims vulnerable to continued surveillance.

"The tech industry has created many tools that can be repurposed for cyberstalking, but has invested far less in technologies that protect privacy," said Huang. “We believe this innovation has the potential to significantly empower victims of domestic abuse by providing them with a readily accessible way to regain their privacy and safety."

Huang holds appointments in both the Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science & Engineering departments. He is also a member of NYU Center for Cybersecurity, NYU Tandon's Center for Urban Science + Progress, and Center for Advanced Technology in Telecommunications.

"GPS tracking in domestic abuse situations is unfortunately common," said Moshe (Mo) Satt, a Ph.D. candidate working under Huang who is the lead author on the research paper that he will present at USENIX VehicleSec '25, a major cybersecurity conference, in August 2025. Satt is the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) at the NYC Department of Sanitation and teaches several cybersecurity courses at the graduate and undergraduate levels as an NYU Tandon adjunct faculty member. "We wanted to develop a tool to combat it that is inexpensive and potentially very user-friendly."

The team's innovative approach relies on tinySA, a $150 palm-sized spectrum analyzer typically used by amateur radio enthusiasts for testing antennas and debugging wireless equipment.

Using this commercially-available device, the researchers developed a specialized algorithm that distinguishes weak tracker signals amid cellular transmission noise by monitoring LTE IoT uplink frequency bands. This approach — the first to reliably detect concealed 4G LTE IoT cellular GPS vehicle trackers using affordable equipment — isolates signals sent from concealed devices to nearby cell towers, solving technical challenges in determining which frequencies to scan, interpreting results, and filtering false positives.  

For victims, the setup can potentially be used as a mobile detection system while driving. If the user observes regular signal peaks on the tinySA during or after a drive, they can likely identify the presence of a cellular GPS tracker without requiring technical expertise. The setup could detect hidden GPS tracker signals within a range of up to three feet, according to the study.

The research addresses a significant public safety concern affecting approximately 13.5 million stalking victims annually in the United States, 80 percent experiencing technological stalking. In some cases, this surveillance has led to violent attacks.

The researchers are developing several pathways to real-world implementation, including smartphone integration, automated "black box" detection systems that could notify the user if a tracker is detected, partnerships with abuse support organizations, and a mobile detection service model similar to roadside assistance.

In addition to Satt and Huang, the paper’s authors are Donghan Hu, a NYU Tandon postdoc working under Huang, and NYU Tandon Phd candidate Patrick Zielinski.

This research was made possible through funding from the NYU Center for Cybersecurity, NYU mLab, and NYU Tandon School of Engineering. Additional support was provided by the ARDC (Amateur Radio Digital Communications), ARRL (American Radio Relay League), Cornell Tech CETA (Clinic to End Tech Abuse), KAIST System Security lab, NYU OSIRIS, and NYU Tandon UGSRP (Undergraduate Summer Research Program).

Satt, Moshe & Hu, Donghan & Zielinski, Patrick & Huang, Danny. (2025). You Can Drive But You Cannot Hide: Detection of Hidden Cellular GPS Vehicle Trackers.